Jewelry has always been valued in the Middle East as an attractive personal possession, a status symbol and as a means of financial investment. The materials and techniques employed reflect the economic and social divisions of society. The precious metals of gold and silver have normally been restricted to court and wealthy merchant circles, though people of restricted means did and still do save to invest in family Jewelry. Among other metals the use of bronze was widespread. The most sophisticated decorative techniques concentrate on gold and silver: engraving, reposes work, granulation and filigree; Decoration of bronze, brass and other base metals is usually confined to motifs worked into the original mould. Other techniques for embellishing jewelry include the application or inlaying of other metals to the base, the use of colored enamels, either as mosaics or as finely painted designs, and the setting of precious and semi-precious stones into metal mounts, notably diamonds, rubies, emeralds, pearls, turquoises and carnelians.

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